Unit 3 refrigeration equipment refrigeration equipment. Refrigerant line compressor connection figure 258 twoway system service valve safety tip be sure that internal pressure in the compressor is relieved by recovery and vacuum procedures before attempting to remove an isolated compressor from the system. Ac compressors require lubricating oil carried by the refrigerant refrigerant oil specifications vary between ac compressor designs and manufacturers. The temperature of the refrigerant at this point is lower than that of the process stream requiring cooling. The information included on refrigeration components is general in nature and is intended only to give a brief description of their operation.
A compressor acts as the heart of a refrigerantbased mechanical cooling. It raises the pressure, temperature and enthalpy of the refrigerant by compressing the saturated gas, in an isentropic process, to a superheated. It is the worlds best mini air compressor in the world for air conditioning and refrigeration application. There are various types of compressors used in the refrigeration and air conditioning machines, these are. Mini compressor, miniature refrigeration compressor. The different compressor brands contain different amounts of oil, so when converting to another brand it may be advisable to correct the amount of refrigerant. Our small compressors cop efficiency reaches more than 2. The compressor compresses the refrigerant, which flows to the condenser, where it gets cooled. Welcome to the manual for refrigeration servicing technicians. The different types of cooling compressors a compressor acts as the heart of a refrigerantbased mechanical cooling system.
Rigid is the miniature compressor innovation leader in china rigid miniature compressor is the smallest and lightest dc compressor ever developed for refrigeration and air conditioning system. The most common way of doing work on the refrigerant is to compress it when it is in the vapor or gas state, as illustrated in figure 6. Rigid miniature compressor has features of the lightest. Air conditioning and refrigeration mcgrawhill professional. Refrigerant fluid an overview sciencedirect topics. The purpose of the compressor in a refrigeration system is to raise the pressure. Oil droplets separate from the suction gas and fall into the oil sump. The refrigerant compressor includes a component of iron type substrate having a compound layer mainly made of iron sulphide on sliding portions such as sliding parts and the shaft in the compression mechanism. View and download daikin r407c plus service manual online. An alternative to cascade refrigeration is to use a mixed refrigerant. The refrigerant compressor includes a component of iron type substrate having a compound layer mainly made of iron sulphide on sliding portions such as sliding. The advantages are that the compressor components are easily accessible for maintenance and the costs of a shell can be avoided. Variable refrigerant flow or vrf systems vrf systems are similar to the multisplit systems which connect one outdoor section to several evaporators. Air conditioning with r744 refrigerant pdf free download.
Design of refrigeration system using refrigerant r4a for macro compartment. Pressure remains in the compressor even after the service valves are front seated. A refrigerant compressor for using hfc 4a as a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil such as polyether type oil, polyester type oil, or similar type compatible therewith is disclosed. Some 40 years later in 1876, carl linde, a german engineer and inventor, was the first to use ammonia as a refrigerant in a vapor compression machine with a. With 12v, 24v, and 48v configurations ad r4a refrigerants, these miniature compressors can be used in a wide range of refrigeration and air conditioning conditions in lbp, mbp. It is hazardous when released in large quantities due to its toxicity. After the second world war the development of small hermetic refrigeration compressors evolved and refrigerators and freezers began to take their place in the. Hgx6 r4a series air compressor pdf manual download. Manual for refrigeration servicing introduction technicians. If you have any doubts please refer to the jntu syllabus book. Gea hgx6 r4a series assembly instruction manual pdf download. The oil type can be identified by a tag located on the compressor body or in the service manual.
Suction gas enters the compressor at the suction connection, enters at the bottom of the motor housing and flows around the motor. Highly energy efficient and environmentally friendly compressor. Mini compressor also names small compressor or tiny compressor. Refrigerant burning in the terminal box may only happen if several very rare errors occur at the same time. To test for a suspected large refrigerant leak from an r22 refrigeration system in an enclosed area.
The probability of this event occurring is extremely low. An adhesive label showing this warning sign is enclosed with the operating instructions. Pdf refrigerantoil flow at the compressor discharge. The heat pump can achieve a high heating capacity within a short space of time. Lubrication is simple as the motor and compressor operate in a sealed space with the lubricating oil. With its innovative and environmentally favorable compressors, secop belongs to one of the leading manufacturers of hermetic compressors worldwide. This particular clinic introduces the concept of refrigeration compressors. The compressors are one of the most important parts of the refrigeration cycle. Windows 10win7win8xpvista or later 3264 bit file size. The amount of superheat is determined by the amount of liquid refrigerant admitted to the evaporator.
Because the open compressor lacks a seal around it, there is risk of refrigerant leakage. A compressor with a shaft or other moving part extending through its. Pdf design of refrigeration system using refrigerant. Per design, the sideload compressor is well suited for the c3mr refrigeration application where the refrigerant is introduced at progressively lower temperatures to the lowerpressure sections. In r and r15,8units of r09 syllabus are combined into 5units in r and r15 syllabus. A compressor and motor assembly, both of which are contained within a gas tight housing that is permanently sealed by welding, or brazing with no access for servicing internal parts in the field. Pdf chapter 3 reciprocating compressor nabil izzat. The r744 refrigerant circuit, figure 4, comprises the following main components. Updated instructions for attaching refrigeration hoses to apu support bracket, pages 60. Carbon dioxide r744 as a refrigerant in automotive air. Mixed refrigerant an overview sciencedirect topics. This panel also allows the operator to display instruction videos, operating instruction manuals, data sheets and drawings in pdf format. Compression refrigeration system evaporator extract heat from the productair and use it as the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant compressor raise temperature of refrigerant to well above that of surroundings to facilitate transfer of energy to surroundings in condenser condenser. A device is added to a refrigeration system to protect the compressor from liquid slugging.
In the compressor, gaseous r744 is compressed from 35 bar suction pressure up to 3 bar temporarily 140 bar, during which it heats up to a maximum of 165c. Click the download button to download the installation file and install. Ammonia is environmentally benign, having zero gwp and zero odp. Its functions include drawing in the cool vaporized refrigerant that carries the heat energy from the evaporator coils, compressing it from a low pressure and tempera. This refrigerant offers ultralow global warming potential gwp. The danfoss turbocor tg series of centrifugal compressors delivers nominal capacities of 40150tr 140 540 kw and uses next generation refrigerant hfo1234ze.
Plus, small compressor is the best cooling compressor can be applied in 110. However, ammonia does exhibit a unique refrigerant characteristic due to its irritating odor. The refrigerant, a vaporliquid mixture at a low pressure point 1 on figure 6. The miniature compressor innovation leader in china rigid. The evaporation process takes place over a temperature range rather than at a constant. In scroll compressor, as an example, lubrication oil. Download pdf compressor compress pdf and reduce pdf file size. Any oil within the injected slug travels with the discharge. In a semihermetic compressor, the motor and the compressor housing are located in a. Now rigid has successfully developed the 3rd generation mini compressor by adopting patented sine wave drive board. Visualize the oil flow at the compressor discharge. View and download gea hgx6 r4a series assembly instruction manual online. This, in turn, is controlled by the expansion valve txv and thats why it is also known as metering device.
Applications and refrigerant types in a future where gwp values are decreasing due to phase downs and energy efficiency demands meps are increasing, hvacr professionals will focus on using components which allow for the lowest possible charge and on technologies with the best costperformance for a given refrigerant type. Refrigeration manual, and follows part 1, fundamentals of refrigeration. Refrigerant types, issues, trends and future options. We have over 100 years of experience in the refrigeration business. When a high head pressure and high condenser subcooling is experienced in a refrigeration system, the service technician must not assume an overcharge of refrigerant. R1234yf may require about a 5% increase in refrigerant vs.
The light components lower the evaporation temperature, and the heavier components allow condensation at ambient temperature. Ammonia is an efficient and popular refrigerant due to its superior thermodynamic properties and low cost. Isobutane r600a and propane r290, r4a, r404a secop. Small compressor, miniature bldc rotary refrigeration. In comparison with the refrigerant r4a, r744 poses considerably more difficult conditions for the compressor as a result of the much higher pressures and the effects on lubricants. Compressors t high pressure liquid dx evap 1 protected suction suction trap solenoid valve thermostatic expansion valve equalizing line t dx evap n refrigerant transfer system to hpr ne condenser evaporative 25 psig 11 f 40 psig 26 f 60 psig 41 f.
It is an ebook for people who are involved in training and. Refrigerant compressors compress the gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator pressure level to the condenser pressure level. Any refrigerant within the injected slug is quickly vaporized and travels with the discharge gas to again accomplish useful cooling. Air conditioning clinic refrigeration compressors one of the. These notes are according to the r09 syllabus book of jntu.
However, multisplit systems turn off or on completely in response to one master controller, whereas vrf systems continually adjust the flow of refrigerant to each indoor evaporator. This, in turn, is controlled by the expansion valve txv and. Charge of refrigerant can be made by weight or volume. The compressor does work on the refrigeration system consumes energy. A reciprocating compressor is also called a piston compressor which adopts the. The device traps liquid slugs in the suction pipe and then injects the trapped slugs into the discharge pipe.
May 10, 2014 a variation of hermetic compressor is a semihermetic compressor, in which the bolted construction offers limited serviceability. Refrigeration and air conditioning pdf notes rac pdf notes. This refrigerant offers ultralow global warming potential gwp compressor from liquid slugging. Detailed information as to specific products is available from manufacturers of components and accessories. Hot gas bypass control applications engineering manual trane literature.
The compressor the heart of the refrigerator pumps the refrigerant through the refrigerating circuit with about 3,000 revolutions per minute. Cylinder and piston mechanism and pv diagram of a reciprocating compressor where d is the bore or diameter and l is the stroke, i. It can be used in air conditioning units, water chillers, and commercial refrigeration systems. Gas temperature increases in a given section are reduced by the mixing of the sidestream flow into the suction of the following section of the compressor.
When suspecting burnt refrigerant in the terminal box. Always look up and use the correct oil for your system. Any other relevant information hasegawa refrigeration ltd. In the compressor, gaseous r744 is compressed from 35 bar suction pressure up to 3 bar temporarily 140 bar, during which it heats up to a maximum. Updated art and text to clarify how to correctly route and secure the refrigerant hoses from the apus compressor to the hose support bracket. A typical refrigeration system consists of several basic components such. Run the program and add your pdf files to start compressing.
The requirements with regard to volume, weight, noise behaviour, efficiency and manufacturing costs must nevertheless be met at least for stateoftheart r4a. Refrigeration and air conditioning pdf notes rac pdf notes file to download are listed below please check it note. Abelssoft trial version download latest version 11. Pdf refrigerant types, issues, trends and future options.